Research

About our research

We are a team of experienced health researchers based in the Highlands and Islands who:

  • Co-design and conduct research, involving service users, families, and healthcare providers
  • Strive to support and improve the health and wellbeing of our community
  • Actively engage with stakeholders to advance knowledge exchange and impact
  • Develop researchers for the future

Two people looking at a computer

Areas of interest

  • Prescribing for healthcare professionals
  • Physical activity for health
  • Frailty and care for older people
  • Palliative and end of life care
  • Social prescribing
  • Quality Improvement

Research methodologies

  • Systematic reviews
  • Intervention studies
  • Mixed methods
  • Delphi technique
  • Evaluation research
  • Participatory research

Areas of interest for postgraduate research studies

We welcome approaches from people wishing to undertake postgraduate research (PhD/MRes) with us. We particularly welcome enquiries in the following areas:

  • Self-management of long-term conditions
  • Implementation and evaluation of prescribing for healthcare professionals, medicines optimisation
  • Quality improvement
  • Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and health
  • Social prescribing
  • Palliative and end of life care

Please contact Michelle Beattie our lead for postgraduate researchers.

Our studies

Current studies

Current studies

Some of our current studies include:

  • Co-creating a new walking challenge incentive to support young people’s physical health, mental health and social wellbeing. (T Gorely in collaboration with University of Stirling (PI), University of Edinburgh, and Paths for All)
  • Intervention development and acceptability/feasibility study of a greenspace programme for mental health and problem substance use. (T Gorely in collaboration with University of Stirling (PI), University of Exeter and Venture Trust)
  • DRHOPE Project (reducing Drug-Related Harm through Outreach Proactively from Emergency Care). (M Beattie (PI) in collaboration with NHS Highland) 

PhD studies

PhD studies

Some of our current PhD studies include:

  • Jenny England: Music, movement, and dementia: can imitative movement combined with personalised song provision contribute to communication skills and quality of relationship in dementia caregiving dyads. (N Carey, L Macaden (external), S-A Munoz (external))
  • Kara Callum: Can High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) help make patients living with heart failure feel better? (T Gorely, D Crabtree (external), S Leslie (NHS Highland))
  • Julie Munro: Implementing person-centred cardiac rehabilitation in the Highlands. (T Gorely, M Beattie, S Leslie (NHS Highland))
  • Hannah Hollinger: Exploring the use of cold-therapy interventions to mitigate Multiple Sclerosis (MS) heat sensitivity. (M Beattie, T Gorely, C Carolan (external)) 杏吧原创 seeks participants for new research study into multiple sclerosis

Example recent publications

2026

2026

Hunter B, Gorely T, Beattie M (2026). Mobile App–Supported Self-Management for Chronic Low Back Pain: Realist Evaluation. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth, 14:e66435

Innes, A., Abdulla, S., Gilani, S., Renault, W., Klea, L., Chi-Ling, S. J, Costa, A., Pasat, Z. (2026) Tensions in the provision of Residential Care Facility housing with support model: Evolving resident health care needs, systemic barriers and regulatory pressures.  Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, 1-12. 

2025

2025

Beattie, M, Muirhead, K, Carey, N (2025): Exploring care home workers’ perceptions of implementing ECHO: a qualitative study. International Journal of Older People,  20 (2)

Campbell L, Fraser B, Beattie M. (2025). Reducing drug-related harm by triggering proactive outreach. BMJ Open Quality, 14:e003524.

Crabtree, D., Bradley, S., Connelly, J., Bauermeister, L., Gorely, T. and MacRury, S. (2025), Promoting Physical Activity in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Feasibility Study to Develop Intervention Tools for Delivery of Diabetes-Specific Education. Lifestyle Med., 6: e70006. 

Innes A, Dal Bello-Haas V, Burke E, Churchyard R, Waldron I. (2025). Green Care Farms as an Approach to Support People Living with Dementia: An Exploratory Study of Stakeholder Perspectives.  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(7):1016.

2024

2024

Abaraogu, U. O., Dall, P., Seenan, C., Rhodes, S., Gorely, T., McParland, J., Brittenden, J., Anieto, E. M., Booth, L., Gormal, C., Dearling, J., Fenton, C., Audsley, S., Fairer, K., Bearne, L., & Skelton, D. A. (2024). Effect of Behavior-change Interventions on Daily Physical Activity in Patients with Intermittent Claudication: The OPTIMA Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.

Beattie鈥疢, Muirhead鈥疜, Gibb鈥疪, Ross F, Macaden L. (2024) Experience-based Modifications of the Bed Band ReAlised through Co-dEsign (EMBRACE). BMJ Open Quality, 13:e002614.

Callum K, Swinton P, Gorely T, Crabtree D, Leslie S. (2024). Physiological and psychological outcomes of high intensity interval training in patients with heart failure compared to moderate continuous training and usual care: A systematic review with meta analysis. Heart & Lung, 64, 117-127.

2023

2023

Babashahi S, Carey N, Jani Y, Hart K, Hounsome N. (2023). Costs, consequences and value for money in non-medical prescribing: a scoping review. BMJ Open, 13:e067907.

Beattie M, Carolan C, Macaden L, Maciver A, Dingwall L, Macgilleeathain R, Schoultz M. (2023). Care home workers experiences of stress and coping during COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods study. Nursing Open, 10(2):687-703.

Carey N, Abathun E, Maguire R, Wodaje Y, Royce C, Ayers N. (2023). Co-design and prototype development of the 'Ayzot App': A mobile phone based remote monitoring system for palliative care. Palliative Medicine, 37(5):771-781.

El Arab RA, Somerville J, Abuadas FH, Rubinat-Arnaldo E, Sagbakken M. (2023). Health and well-being of refugees, asylum seekers, undocumented migrants, and internally displaced persons under COVID-19: a scoping review. Frontiers of Public Health,11:1145002.

Hunter R, Beattie M, O'Malley C, Gorely T. (2023). Mobile apps to self-manage chronic low back pain: A realist synthesis exploring what works, for whom and in what circumstances. PEC Innovation, 3, 100175. 

MacGilleEathain鈥疪,鈥疭mith鈥疶,鈥疭teele鈥疘 (2023) Sexual well-being among young people in remote rural island communities in Scotland: a mixed methods study. BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health, 50,7-12.

Plekhanova T, Crawley E, Davies MJ, Gorely T, Harrington DM, Ioannidou E, Khunti K, Rowlands AV, Sherar LB, Yates T, Edwardson CL. (2023). Association between Chronotype and Physical Behaviours in Adolescent Girls. Children, 10(5):819.

2022

2022

Beattie M, Carolan C, Macaden L, MacIver A, Dingwall L, MacGilleeathain R, Schoultz M. (2022) Care Home Workers Experiences of Stress and Coping During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Study. Nursing Open, 10, 687-703.

Booth JN, Chesham RA, Brooks NE, Gorely T. & Moran CN. (2022). The Impact of the Daily Mile™ on School Pupils’ Fitness, Cognition, and Wellbeing: Findings From Longer Term Participation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13.

Edwards J, Coward M, Carey N. (2022). Barriers and facilitators to implementation of non-medical independent prescribing in primary care in the UK: a qualitative systematic review. BMJ Open, 8;12(6):e052227.

Hunter R, Gorely T, Beattie M, & Harris K. (2022). Realist review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15(1), 242-265.

Macaden L, Broadfoot K, Carolan C, Muirhead K, Neylon S and Keen J. (2022). Last Aid Training Online: Participants’ and Facilitators’ Perceptions from a Mixed-Methods Study in Rural Scotland. Healthcare, 10, 918.

Masot O, Cox A, Mold F, Sund-Levander M, Tingström P, Boersema GC, Botigué T, Daltrey J, Hughes K, Mayhorn CB, Montgomery A, Mullan J, Carey N. (2022). Decision support-tools for early detection of infection in older people (aged> 65 years): a scoping review. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 552.

Ovenseri-Ogbomo G, Osuagwu UL, Ekpenyong BN, Agho K, Ekure E, Ndep AO, Ocansey S, Mashige KP, Naidoo KS, Ogbuehi KC.  (2022) Systematic review and meta-analysis of myopia prevalence in African school children. PLoS One,17(2):e0263335.

Schoultz鈥疢, McGrogan鈥疌, Beattie鈥疢, Macaden鈥疞, Carolan鈥疌, Dickens GL. (2022)鈥疷ptake and effects of psychological first aid training for healthcare workers’ wellbeing in nursing homes: A UK national survey. PLOS ONE 17(11): e0277062.鈥

Shore CB, Galloway SDR, Gorely T, Hunter AM, Hubbard G. (2022) Exercise Referral Instructors’ Perspectives on Supporting and Motivating Participants to Uptake, Attend and Adhere to Exercise Prescription: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1):203.

Terje, A, Munoz, S-A and Hall, J. (2022). Evaluation of the mPower Project 2017-2022: Full Report. Available at:

2021

2021

Hubbard, G., Broadfoot, K., Carolan C. and van Woerden, HC. (2021) An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Computer Screening to Support Decision-Making about Use of Palliative Care Registers in Primary Care: GP Think Aloud and Patient and Carer Interviews. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 12,

MacIver A, Hollinger H. Carolan C. (2021) Tele-health interventions to support self-management in adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Rheumatology International 41(8), 1399–1418

Morrison C, Beattie M, Wherton J, Stark C, Anderson J, Hunter-Rowe C, Gray NM. (2021). Testing and implementing video consulting for outpatient appointments: using quality improvement system thinking and codesign principles. BMJ Open Quality,10:e001259.

Niven A, Ryde GC, Wilkinson G, Greenwood C, Gorely T. (2021) The Effectiveness of an Annual Nationally Delivered Workplace Step Count Challenge on Changing Step Counts: Findings from Four Years of Delivery. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 5140.

Nwolise CH, Carey N, Shawe J. (2021). Preconception and Diabetes Information (PADI) App for Women with Pregestational Diabetes: a Feasibility and Acceptability Study. Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research 5, 446–473.

Shore CB, Hubbard G, Gorely T, Hunter A, Galloway SD. (2021) The match between what is prescribed and reasons for prescribing in exercise referral schemes: a mixed method study. BMC Public Health 21, 1003.

2020

2020

Beattie M, Morrison C, MacGilleEathain R, Gray N, Anderson J. (2020). Near Me at Home: codesigning the use of video consultations for outpatient appointments in patients’ homes. BMJ Open Quality, 9:e001035.

Bynner C, Terje A. (2021) Knowledge mobilisation in public service reform – integrating empirical, technical and practical wisdom. Evidence and Policy, 17(1), 75-91.

Carey N, Edwards J, Otter S. Gage H, Williams P, Courtenay M, Moore A, Stenner K. (2020). A comparative case study of prescribing and non-prescribing physiotherapists and podiatrists. BMC Health Services Research, 20, 1074.

Carolan C, Davies CL, Crookes P, McGhee S, Roxburgh M. (2020) COVID 19: Disruptive impacts and transformative opportunities in undergraduate nurse education. Nurse Education in Practice, 46, 102807.

Chalkley AE, Routen AC, Harris JP, Cale LA, Gorely T, Sherar LB. (2020) An Evaluation of the Implementation of a UK School-Based Running Program. Children, 7(10):151.

Keeley P, Buchanan D, Carolan C, Pivodic L, Tavabie S, Noble S. (2020) Symptom burden and clinical profile of COVID-19 deaths: a rapid systematic review and evidence summary. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, 10, 381-384.

Munoz S-A, Terje A, Bailey H. (2020). Evaluating social prescribing. Iriss Insight 55. Available at:

Nwolise CH, Carey N, Shawe J. (2020). Exploratory study of clinician and patient views regarding the use of a preconception care app for women with diabetes. Health Informatics Journal, 26(4):2673-2688.

Walters R, Leslie SJ, Sixsmith J, Gorely T. (2020). Health Literacy for Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Examination of Associated Illness Perceptions, Self-Efficacy, Motivation and Physical Activity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22):8641.